Science syllabus for Class 10 for session 2022 – 23

Chemistry
Chemical Substances – Nature and Behaviour

Chemical
reactions: Chemical
equation, Balanced chemical equation, implications of a balanced chemical
equation, types of chemical reactions: combination, decomposition,
displacement, double displacement, precipitation, endothermic exothermic reactions, oxidation and reduction.

Acids, bases
and salts: Their
definitions in terms of furnishing of H+ and OH– ions, General properties,
examples and uses, neutralization, concept of pH scale (Definition relating
to logarithm not required), importance of pH in everyday life; preparation and
uses of Sodium Hydroxide, Bleaching powder, Baking soda, Washing soda and
Plaster of Paris.

Metals and
nonmetals: Properties
of metals and non-metals; Reactivity series; Formation and properties of ionic
compounds; Basic metallurgical processes; Corrosion and its prevention.

Carbon compounds: Covalent bonding in carbon compounds. Versatile nature
of carbon. Homologous series. Nomenclature of carbon compounds containing
functional groups (halogens, alcohol, ketones, aldehydes, alkanes and alkynes),
difference between saturated hydro carbons and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Chemical properties of carbon compounds (combustion, oxidation, addition and
substitution reaction). Ethanol and Ethanoic acid (only properties and uses),
soaps and detergents.

Biology

The
World of the Living

Life
processes: ‘Living
Being’. Basic concept of nutrition, respiration, transport and excretion in
plants and animals.

Control and co-ordination in animals and plants: Tropic movements in plants; Introduction
of plant hormones; Control and co-ordination in animals: Nervous system;
Voluntary, involuntary and reflex action; Chemical co-ordination: animal
hormones.

Reproduction: Reproduction in animals and plants
(asexual and sexual) reproductive health – need and methods of family planning.
Safe sex vs HIV/AIDS. Child bearing and women’s health.

Heredity and
Evolution: Heredity;
Mendel’s contribution- Laws for inheritance of traits: Sex determination: brief
introduction: (topics excluded – evolution; evolution and classification and
evolution should not be equated with progress).

Light: Reflection and Refraction

Reflection of
light by curved surfaces; Images formed by spherical mirrors, centre of
curvature, principal axis, principal focus, focal length, mirror formula
(Derivation not required), magnification.

Refraction; Laws
of refraction, refractive index.

Refraction of
light by spherical lens; Image formed by spherical lenses; Lens formula
(Derivation not required); Magnification. Power of a lens.

Functioning of a
lens in human eye, defects of vision and their corrections, applications of
spherical mirrors and lenses.

Refraction of
light through a prism, dispersion of light, scattering of light, applications
in daily life (excluding colour of the sun at sunrise and sunset).

Effects of Current

Electric current,
potential difference and electric current. Ohm’s law; Resistance, Resistivity,
Factors on which the resistance of a conductor depends. Series combination of
resistors, parallel combination of resistors and its applications in daily
life. Heating effect of electric current and its applications in daily life.
Electric power, Interrelation between P, V, I and R. Magnetic effects of
current : Magnetic field, field lines, field due to a current carrying
conductor, field due to current carrying coil or solenoid; Force on current
carrying conductor, Fleming’s Left Hand Rule, Direct current. Alternating
current: frequency of AC. Advantage of AC over DC. Domestic electric circuits.

Environment

Natural
Resources (NCERT)

Natural Resources

Our environment: Eco-system, Environmental problems, Ozone depletion,
waste production and their solutions. Biodegradable and non-biodegradable
substances.

PDF of syllabus of science of class 10 of session 2022 – 23